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1) Rover Predators - these fishes are basically on the move, searching out prey to eat.
The body shape is streamlines, pointed head, and narrow forted tail. 2) Lie-in-wait Predators - These fishes are mainly fish eaters.
The body shape is well suited for capture from ambush to fast swimming prey. 3) Surface Oriented - these fishes are mainly plankton eaters.
The body is small in size with an upward pointed mouth. 4) Bottom - these fishes vary in a large range of types, such as, bottom rovers, bottom clingers, bottom hiders, flatfishes, and rattails.
Notice the style of body shape - resting on the bottom, waiting and or search for prey. 5) Deep Bodied - these fishes are very well adapted for moving in very tight areas, such as, coral reefs, rocks, ledges, plants, etc...
6) Eel Like - these fishes are very well adapted for very tight small holes in coral reefs and rocky areas.
The body shape is very long and narrow. These fishes can enter and exit holes with great speed searching or waiting for prey.
The type of scales, the number, and the size, can tell you very much about the kind of environment the fish lives in. Such as, big heavy scales are on slow moving bottom fish, where as, very tiny and sometimes absent scales are found on fast moving fish. There are four basic types of scales. 1) Placiod - Sharks and Rays
This kind of scale has evolved to make sharks and some rays skin feel rough to the touch like fine sandpaper. 2) Ganoid - Gars
This kind of scale is very heavily coated like armor. 3) Cycloid - Bony Fishes
This kind of scale is round, flat, and thin found on such fishes as trout, minnows, and herrings 4) Ctenoid - Bony Fishes
This kind of scale is similar to cycloid scales except they have little comb like points called ctenii.
The fins of a fish controls the way the fish swims in water. The shape of the fins are also related to the different body types. There are paired fins (pectoral and pelvic) and unpaired fins (dorsal, anal and the caudal).
Paired Fins Pectoral Fins - Most of the time are located on the high sides of the fish. These fins act as 'diving planes'. Pelvic Fins - Are located, in most fishes, on the lower front sides. In some fishes, the bottoms dwellers, they act as holders on the bottom. Unpaired Fins Dorsal (first and second) and the Anal Fins - Most on the time they are long and used for stability while swimming. Caudal Fin (tail) - Is related to the swimming speed of the fish. The caudal fin in fishes can consist of two kinds: the homocercal (the upper and the lower lobes being about the same size - Sharks) and the heterocercal (the upper lobe being longer than the lower).
SORRY Muscles of bony fish are arranged in a 'W' pattern. The principle of these muscles are basically used in movement (swimming), respiration (breathing), and prey (obtaining food).
The movement of the body while swimming are produced by four longitudinal bands of muscles called myomeres. Digestive System SORRY
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